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Religion, in fact, is the way in which we daily establish our
relation with God. The manner in which we contact God in our
life is our practical religion. Mostly, our love for God keeps
us in a state of reverence and awe and creates in us a particular
type of devotion, known as Aisvaryapradhana-Bhakti, i.e.,
the love of God and adoration of God as Creator, Father and
Sovereign Supreme, as Isvara, or the Master of Creation.
But there is another type of internal contact that the devotee
establishes with God, more intimate, we may say, in a sense,
an attitude of affection for God, which goes by the name of
Madhurya-pradhana-Bhakti. Here, intellectuality, ratiocination
and analytical approach cease, and the soul speaks to God in
its own language of unquestioned rapture. It contacts God in
the vitality of being, rather than the words which the tongue
speaks. Love needs no philosophy, nor does devotion to God.
We hear of saints like Narada travelling to all the worlds including
Vaikuntha, Satyaloka and Kailasa. These analogies
of Divine Masters penetrating through the realms of the cosmos,
contacting God on one side and meeting men and even demons on
the other side, is a representation of the significance of divine
devotion, the extent to which it can have an impact on everyone
and everything, especially as we have it portrayed in the Epics
and the Puranas. Creation is said to be constituted of different
realms, or Lokas, as they are called; and to make the
relevance of God to creation interesting, catching and vibrating
to the soul, to stir the personality and make one's hair stand
on end even by listening to the glories of God, these notable
scriptures employ a technique of presenting God as a Personality,
not entirely dissimilar to our own. God also lives in a
realm as we do, though His region is all-inclusive, while ours
is localised. God is the repository of supreme compassion, pity
and mercy. He is not merely a judge who is only mathematically
precise, regardless of our representations. God is concerned
not only with law, but also justice. Dharma is not merely
law, it is also due dispensation of justice. If there are five
hundred witnesses manipulating against an innocent person, he
can be penalised with even capital punishment, because there
is evidence. This is law working. But it is not justice. God
is justice, it is true, not merely law; but God has also a tender
feeling towards His creation, to man and to all creatures. To
know that we love God and that God loves us is certainly a greater
satisfaction than any other consolation that we may have in
terms of legal protection or judicial security.
The special emphasis of the Epics and the Puranas is that
God can hear us and speak to us, and we can speak to God. The
stories, analogies and symbols that these scriptures employ
for describing man's relation with God, and vice versa, signify
that God is nearer to us than we imagine; and He will help us
even if we are unconscious of His presence. It is not that God
thinks of us only if we think of Him. Our relation to God is
not a bargain or compromise; it is not a give-and-take covenant.
God is portrayed not merely as Grandfather (Pitamaha)
or Father (Pita) but also as Mother (Mata) and Supporter
(Dhata). The Lord proclaims in the Bhagavad Gita that
He is the Saviour, the Protector, the Generator, the Withdrawer,
the Sustainer, the Onlooker, the Supervisor, and many other
things of that nature, which make out that God is all and is
everything.
It should follow, therefore, that it is easier to contact God
than anything else in this world. Some purely rationalistic
texts of a logical character may argue that God is difficult
of approach, more difficult than anything in the world; but
here we are told that other things are more difficult to approach
than God. The point is that things in the world are not so near
to us as we imagine; they maintain a spatial distance from us,
and are away from us, but God is nearer to us than anything
else, for God is not in space. The inclusiveness of God keeps
us always non-separate from Him. God is nearer to us than parent,
wife or children, all which relation will break down when one
is in real difficulty, but God's help comes instantaneously.
Our human relations may help us when we maintain a requisite
relationship with them, but our relation to God is not conditioned
in any manner. It is told, again and again, that God loves us
more than we seem to love Him.
An interesting incident is recorded in the Drona-Parva of the
Mahabharata, the mere listening to which would strike
us with wonder and make us sob for the love that God has for
man. Towards the end of this Book, Arjuna is speaking to Bhagavan
Vedavyasa and exclaims: "Master, can you explain to me one interesting
thing? Whenever I was up in arms in battle, I used to see some
mysterious figure moving in front of me, which I could not decipher
properly, something visible sometimes, sometimes invisible,
but not touching the ground. I saw a figure like that of a human
being, now coming out of the mist as it were, making himself
slightly visible to my eyes, now going into the background of
the misty atmosphere of the war field. He was doing nothing,
looking this way and that way, moving to this corner and that
corner. The only speciality that I observed in his appearance
was that he had a trident in his hand, a knot of hair on his
head, and I saw some snakes round his neck. I could not understand
who it was or what it was and what was the meaning behind it."
Sage Vyasa smiled and replied: "Arjuna, it is good that you
have spoken to me about this mystery which you could not understand,
nor can anyone understand. Do you know who fought this war and
who it was that is bringing you victory? Who can stand before
valiant warriors like Bhishma and Drone? Is there a man in all
the world who can face them in war? But who defeated them? Someone
else has worked this miracle in your favour but remained always
in the background. Do you know whom you saw? It was Lord Siva.
You are indeed blessed. He knew the predicament in which you
all were since your opponents were indomitable. Lord Siva knew
this and He was moving in the midst of the forces in war sucking
the energy of the Kaurava regiments by His mere presence, but
not taking any direct action. Oh, who could stand before Him
if He were really to take up arms? Blessed art thou that you
could see Him."
God works like this. And there are other instances, to the same
effect, as on occasions when Bhishma spoke to Duryodhana in
plain words. Duryodhana used to feel diffident and despondent
as he could not see during the regime of Bhishma in the war
any symptom of victory being on his side. Angered and upset,
Duryodhana used to meet Bhishma frequently in the evening and
cry out: "What is this? What is happening, grandsire? Thousands
of my people are being slain every day and you are yet alive,
the invincible commander-in-chief." Bhishma would reply, "My
dear child, do not tease me and taunt me every day. You are
under the wrong impression that I am only pretending to fight
and have not done my work well. But it is not so. I would have
pounded all the Pandava forces in a single day but for the presence
of that inscrutable person who is sitting there as the charioteer
of Arjuna. But for His subtle intervention from moment to moment,
the Pandava regiments would not have been there on the first
day itself. I could have single-handedly uprooted the Pandava
army. You do not know my strength. I have told you several times
that you should not engage yourself in a conflict with those
whom Krishna is helping. But you would not listen to me. And
now you come and speak to me unpleasant words which are unbecoming
on your part." Bhishma indeed did his best. He went to the extreme
of his ferocity. Like blazing fire he began to burn the opposing
forces. Thousands were massacred by the arrows that Bhishma
shot. But not a single Pandava could be killed. Again Duryodhana
wept at night: "What is all this, Master; you could not kill
even a single Pandava? And I have depended on you for my security.
After so many days of battle you could not bring down even a
single Pandava." Again it was the same reply which Bhishma gave.
"My dear boy, I do not want to get angry with you though you
often irritate me with these words. But I shall tell you the
truth once again. You cannot win this war as long as Krishna
is on the other side." "Well, this is the old story again,"
said Duryodhana. "I am not here depending on you senile people.
I have stalwarts like Karna." There could have been a cutting
reply from Bhishma to this unwarranted verbal attack from Duryodhana,
but Bhishma held his tongue, because there was no use frowning
on the stupid man who would not listen to sane advice.
And how does God help? Asvatthama's role in the Mahabharata,
again, is a case in point. After a lot of importunity Asvatthama
obtained from his father Drona the knowledge of an invincible
missile known as Narayana-Astra. After repeated pressure
from the son, the father initiated him into this terrific mystery,
saying. "All right, come here, I shall give you something now.
But beware, I am giving you fire in your hands by which you
can burn the world; but, my child, do not use it against devotees
of God. It will not work against those who are protected by
Narayana. I am warning you in this regard, lest you should yourself
be in danger if you misuse it." Yet, Drona was cautious. He
would not tell him how to withdraw the missile, because if it
could be withdrawn, it could be used again several times. Knowing
the immaturity and lack of understanding from which Asvatthama
suffered and his eagerness to use it one day or the other, Drona
taught him its use once only and never told him how to use it
a second time.
And we know how the occasion came for it. When Drona left his
mortal coil, the fury of Asvatthama knew no bounds. He yelled
out, "My father has given me some power; and today there shall
be none remaining on the Pandava side." Saying this, Asvatthama
let off the Narayana-Astra. Then what happened? Not even
thousands of atomic bombs can work that devastation which Narayana-Astra
is capable of. The Astra multiplied itself millionfold,
the whole sky was filled with burning missiles; there was no
sky, no stars, no sun and no moon; it was all fire. When Arjuna,
who was not initiated into this Astra by Drona on account
of his partiality for his son, saw it, he queried Krishna, "Lord,
what is it that is coming? This is something new which I have
not had the occasion to see before." Krishna replied: "I know
what it is, and there is no remedy for this. No one can stand
up against this Astra of Narayana, which has emanated
from my own being. There is no one who can face it, not even
the greatest of warriors. The best thing for you all would be
now to stop fighting, throw down your arms and offer obeisance
to this Astra with folded hands, because this weapon
will not attack anyone who is not its enemy. Therefore, prostrate
yourselves before it, and all shall be well." On hearing the
words of Krishna, Arjuna ordered the entire army to throw down
its weapons, shouting loudly: "Prostrate yourselves before this
great fire that is coming. That is the only way of saving yourselves."
And all did so, except Bhima, who retorted: "I am not a coward.
I shall not bend before anyone. I shall see to it." Saying thus,
Bhima took up his mace and began brandishing it against the
Astra. Arjuna and Krishna argued with Bhima, "This is
not the time to show your valour. Come down from your chariot
and throw down your mace." They pulled him down to the ground.
And, well, the Astra, beholding no one against it, extinguished
itself. The Astra entered the body of Krishna himself,
for he was Narayana standing there for the welfare of the righteous
and the devout.
Asvatthama was gazing from the top of a tree, to see the ashes
of the Pandavas. But no such thing happened. No ashes and no
fire. The Pandavas were up in arms once again as if nothing
had happened. Asvatthama left the field cursing all including
even his father, saying that he was duped by his father's false
initiation which was really of no utility to him: "These days
even parents tell lies". Thus he cried and went out. On the
way he met Vyasa, who explained to him that his father had not
told him a lie and had initiated him properly. The only difficulty
was, the Narayana-Astra was used against Narayana Himself.
That was the reason why it did not work. We should not use our
power against God. Human effort cannot contradict Divine Majesty.
The wondrous way in which the great Incarnation Krishna furnished
divine robes to Draupadi, the way in which He invisibly fed
the Sage Durvasa and his thousands of disciples on prayer from
Draupadi, the stunning drama of His going as an ambassador to
the court of the Kauravas on behalf of the Pandavas, His revelation
of the Cosmic Form in that assembly, His mighty role as divinity
incarnate, in the Bhishma, Drona and Karna Parvas in the Mahabharata,
are all too grand and glorious to be put in any word or language.
Again, we have instances like the release of the Sudarsana-Chakra
of Narayana on the predicament of Ambarisha who became the
target of Durvasa's anger, as we have it recorded in the Srimad
Bhagavata.
The point is that such miraculous divine occurrences, the subtle
workings of God, above the ken of the human mind, bring out
the fact that God is always conscious of what our needs are
and takes immediate steps to redress the sorrows of the devotees.
In fact, God works His miracles every moment. Every incident
in the life of the world is a divine miracle. The tales in the
Epics and Puranas highlight the ways in which God can be loved
and encountered. God is adored in the affectionate personifications
as Father, Friend, Master, Child, or one's Beloved.
God is also adored as the immensely compassionate Mother.
We call it devotion when we run after God. What do we call it
when God is running after us and wants us perennially? In fact,
this latter mystery is the pinnacle that divine devotion can
reach. It is not just enough if we want God; His wanting us
is, indeed, the supreme attainment. The Lord's promise in the
Bhagavad Gita is well known: "Those who contemplate on Me undividedly
and worship Me as the All, to them, who are ever united with
Me, I provide what they need, and protect what they have."
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