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Religion, in fact, is the way in which we
daily establish our relation with God. The manner in which we contact God in
our life is our practical religion. Mostly, our love for God keeps us in a
state of reverence and awe and creates in us a particular type of devotion,
known as Aisvaryapradhana-Bhakti, i.e., the love of God and adoration of
God as Creator, Father and Sovereign Supreme, as Ishvara, or the Master
of Creation. But there is another type of internal contact that the devotee
establishes with God, more intimate, we may say, in a sense, an attitude of
affection for God, which goes by the name of Madhuryapradhana-Bhakti. Here,
intellectuality, ratiocination and analytical approach cease, and the soul
speaks to God in its own language of unquestioned rapture. It contacts God in
the vitality of being, rather than the words which the tongue speaks. Love
needs no philosophy, nor does devotion to God.
We hear of saints like Narada travelling to
all the worlds including Vaikuntha, Satyalokha and Kailasa.
These analogies of Divine Masters penetrating through the realms of the cosmos,
contacting God on one side and meeting men and even demons on the other side,
is a representation of the significance of divine devotion, the extent to which
it can have an impact on everyone and everything, especially as we have it
portrayed in the Epics and the Puranas. Creation is said to be constituted of
different realms, or Lokas, as they are called; and to make the
relevance of God to creation interesting, catching and vibrating to the soul,
to stir the personality and make one's hair stand on end even by listening to
the glories of God, these notable scriptures employ a technique of presenting
God as a Personality, not entirely dissimilar to our own. God also lives
in a realm as we do, though His region is all-inclusive, while ours is
localised. God is the repository of supreme compassion, pity and mercy. He is
not merely a judge who is only mathematically precise, regardless of our
representations. God is concerned not only with law, but also justice. Dharma
is not merely law, it is also due dispensation of justice. If there are five
hundred witnesses manipulating against an innocent person, he can be penalised
with even capital punishment, because there is evidence. This is law working.
But it is not justice. God is justice, it is true, not merely law; but God has
also a tender feeling towards His creation, to man and to all creatures. To
know that we love God and that God loves us is certainly a greater satisfaction
than any other consolation that we may have in terms of legal protection or
judicial security.
The special emphasis of the Epics and the Puranas
is that God can hear us and speak to us, and we can speak to God. The stories,
analogies and symbols that these scriptures employ for describing man's
relation with God, and vice versa, signify that God is nearer to us than we
imagine; and He will help us even if we are unconscious of His presence. It is
not that God thinks of us only if we think of Him. Our relation to God is not a
bargain or compromise; it is not a give-and-take covenant. God is portrayed not
merely as Grandfather (Pitamaha) or Father (Pita) but also as
Mother (Mata) and Supporter (Dhata). The Lord proclaims in the Bhagavad
Gita that He is the Saviour, the Protector, the Generator, the Withdrawer,
the Sustainer, the Onlooker, the Supervisor, and many other things of that
nature, which make out that God is all and is everything.
It should follow, therefore, that it is
easier to contact God than anything else in this world. Some purely
rationalistic texts of a logical character may argue that God is difficult of
approach, more difficult than anything in the world; but here we are told that
other things are more difficult to approach than God. The point is that things
in the world are not so near to us as we imagine; they maintain a spatial
distance from us, and are away from us, but God is nearer to us than anything
else, for God is not in space. The inclusiveness of God keeps us always
non-separate from Him. God is nearer to us than parent, wife or children, all
which relation will break down when one is in real difficulty, but God's help
comes instantaneously. Our human relations may help us when we maintain a
requisite relationship with them, but our relation to God is not conditioned in
any manner. It is told, again and again, that God loves us more than we seem to
love Him.
An interesting incident is recorded in the
Drona-Parva of the Mahabharata, the mere listening to which would strike
us with wonder and make us sob for the love that God has for man. Towards the
end of this Book, Arjuna is speaking to Bhagavan Vedavyasa and exclaims: "Master,
can you explain to me one interesting thing? Whenever I was up in arms in
battle, I used to see some mysterious figure moving in front of me, which I
could not decipher properly, something visible sometimes, sometimes invisible,
but not touching the ground. I saw a figure like that of a human being, now
coming out of the mist as it were, making himself slightly visible to my eyes,
now going into the background of the misty atmosphere of the war field. He was
doing nothing, looking this way and that way, moving to this corner and that
corner. The only speciality that I observed in his appearance was that he had a
trident in his hand, a knot-of hair on his head, and I saw some snakes round
his neck. I could not understand who it was or what it was and what was the
meaning behind it."
Sage Vyasa smiled and replied: "Arjuna, it
is good that you have spoken to me about this mystery which you could not
understand, nor can anyone understand. Do you know who fought this war and who
it was that is bringing you victory? Who can stand before valiant warriors like
Bhishma and Drona? Is there a man in all the world who can face them in war?
But who defeated them? Someone else has worked this miracle in your favour but
remained always in the background. Do you know whom you saw? It was Lord Siva.
You are indeed blessed. He knew the predicament in which you all were since
your opponents were indomitable. Lord Siva knew this and He was moving in the
midst of the forces in war sucking the energy of the Kaurava regiments by His
mere presence, but not taking any direct action. Oh, who could stand before Him
if He were really to take up arms? Blessed art thou that you could see Him."
God works like this. And there are other
instances to the same effect, as on occasions when Bhishma spoke to Duryodhana
in plain words. Duryodhana used to feel diffident and despondent as he could
not see during the regime of Bhishma in the war any symptom of victory being on
his side. Angered and upset, Duryodhana used to meet Bhishma frequently in the
evening and cry out: "What is this? What is happening, grandsire? Thousands of
my people are being slain every day and you are yet alive, the invincible
commander-in-chief." Bhishma would reply, "My dear child, do not tease me and
taunt me every day. You are under the wrong impression that I am only
pretending to fight and have not done my work well. But it is not so. I would
have pounded all the Pandava forces in a single day but for the presence of
that inscrutable person who is sitting there as the charioteer of Arjuna. But
for His subtle intervention from moment to moment, the Pandava regiments would
not have been there on the first day itself. I could have single-handedly
uprooted the Pandava army. You do not know my strength. I have told you several
times that you should not engage yourself in a conflict with those whom Krishna
is helping. But you would not listen to me. And now you come and speak to me
unpleasant words which are unbecoming on your part." Bhishma indeed did his
best. He went to the extreme of his ferocity. Like blazing fire he began to
burn the opposing forces. Thousands were massacred by the arrows that Bhishma
shot. But not a single Pandava could be killed. Again Duryodhana wept at night:
"What is all this, Master; you could not kill even a single Pandava? And I have
depended on you for my security. After so many days of battle you could not
bring down even a single Pandava." Again it was the same reply which Bhishma
gave. "My dear boy, I do not want to get angry with you though you often
irritate me with these words. But I shall tell you the truth once again. You
cannot win this war as long as Krishna is on the other side." "Well, this is
the old story again," said Duryodhana. "I am not here depending on you senile
people. I have stalwarts like Karna." There could have been a cutting reply
from Bhishma to this unwarranted verbal attack from Duryodhana, but Bhishma
held his tongue, because there was no use frowning on the stupid man who would
not listen to sage advice.
And how does God help? Asvatthama's role in
the Mahabharata, again, is a case in point. After a lot of importunity
Asvatthama obtained from his father Drona the knowledge of an invincible
missile known as Narayana-Astra. After repeated pressure from the son,
the father initiated him into this terrific mystery, saying, "All right, come
here, I shall give you something now. But beware, I am giving you fire in your
hands by which you can burn the world, but, my child, do not use it against
devotees of God. "It will not work against those who are protected by Narayana.
I am warning you in this regard, lest you should yourself be in danger if you
misuse it." Yet, Drona was cautious. He would not tell him how to withdraw the
missile, because if it could be withdrawn, it could be used again several
times. Knowing the immaturity and lack of understanding from which Asvatthama
suffered and his eagerness to use it one day or the other, Drona taught him its
use once only and never told him how to use it a second time.
And we know how the occasion came for it.
When Drona left his mortal coil, the fury of Asvatthama knew no bounds. He
yelled out, "My father has given me some power; and today there shall be none
remaining on the Pandava side." Saying this, Asvatthama let off the Narayana-Astra.
Then what happened? Not even thousands of atomic bombs can work that
devastation which Narayana-Astra is capable of. The Astra
multiplied itself millionfold, the whole sky was filled with burning missiles; there
was no sky, no stars, no sun and no moon; it was all fire. When Arjuna, who was
not initiated into this Astra by Drona on account of his partiality for
his son, saw it, he queried Krishna, "Lord, what is it that is coming? This is
something new which I have not had the occasion to see before." Krishna
replied: "I know what it is, and there is no remedy for this. No one can stand
up against this Astra of Narayana, which has emanated from my own being.
There is no one who can face it, not even the greatest of warriors. The best
thing for you all would be now to stop fighting, throw down your arms and offer
obeisance to this Astra with folded hands, because this weapon will not
attack anyone who is not its enemy. Therefore, prostrate yourselves before it,
and all shall be well." On hearing the words of Krishna, Arjuna ordered the
entire army to throw down its weapons, shouting loudly: "Prostrate yourselves
before this great fire that is coming. That is the only way of saving
yourselves." And all did so, except Bhima, who retorted: "I am not a coward. I
shall not bend before anyone. I shall see to it." Saying thus, Bhima took up
his mace and began brandishing it against the Astra. Arjuna and Krishna
argued with Bhima, "This is not the time to show your valour. Come down from
your chariot and throw down your mace. They pulled him down to the ground. And,
well, the Astra, beholding no one against it, extinguished itself. The Astra
entered the body of Krishna himself, for he was Narayana standing there far the
welfare of the righteous and the devout.
Asvatthama was gazing from the top of a
tree, to see the ashes of the Pandavas. But no such thing happened. No ashes
and no fire. The Pandavas were up in arms once again as if nothing had
happened. Asvatthama left the field cursing all including even his father,
saying that he was duped by his father's false initiation which was really of
no utility to him. "These days even parents tell lies." Thus he cried and went
out. On the way he met Vyasa, who explained to him that his father had not told
him a lie and had initiated him properly. The only difficulty was, the Narayana-Astra
was used against Narayana Himself. That was the reason why it did not work. We
should not use our power against God. Human effort cannot contradict Divine
Majesty.
The wondrous way in which the great
Incarnation Krishna furnished divine robes to Draupadi, the way in which He
invisibly fed the Sage Durvasa and his thousands of disciples on prayer from
Draupadi, the stunning drama of His going as an ambassador to the court of the
Kauravas on behalf of the Pandavas, His revelation of the Cosmic Form in that
assembly, His mighty role as divinity incarnate, in the Bhishma, Drona and
Karna Parvas in the Mahabharata, are all too grand and glorious to be put in
any word or language.
Again, we have instances like the release
of the Sudarsana-Chakra of Narayana on the predicament of
Ambarisha who became the target of Durvasa's anger, as we have it recorded in
the Srimad Bhagavata.
The point is that such miraculous divine
occurrences, the subtle workings of God, above the ken of the human mind, bring
out the fact that God is always conscious of what our needs are and takes
immediate steps to redress the sorrows of the devotees. In fact, God works His miracles
every moment. Every incident in the life of the world is a divine miracle. The
tales in the Epics and Puranas highlight the ways in which God can be loved and
encountered. God is adored in the affectionate personifications as Father,
Friend, Master, Child, or one's Beloved. God is
also adored as the immensely compassionate Mother. We call it devotion
when we run after God. What do we call it when God is running after us and
wants us perennially? In fact, this latter mystery is the pinnacle that divine
devotion can reach. It is not just enough if we want God; His wanting us is,
indeed, the supreme attainment. The Lord's promise in the Bhagavad Gita is well known: "Those who contemplate on Me undividedly and worship Me as the All, to them,
who are ever united with Me, I provide what they need, and protect what they
have."
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